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Biosciences → Genetics

Description

Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. It is an important branch in biology because heredity is vital to organisms' evolution. Gregor Mendel, a Moravian Augustinian friar working in the 19th century in Brno, was the first to study genetics scientifically. Mendel studied "trait inheritance", patterns in the way traits are handed down from parents to offspring over time. He observed that organisms inherit traits by way of discrete "units of inheritance". This term, still used today, is a somewhat ambiguous definition of what is referred to as a gene.

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Organizations relating to Genetics

Functional Genomics Data Society / Est. 1999
Down Syndrome International Swimming Organisation
International Society for Nomenclature of Paediatric and Congenital Heart Disease / Est. 2000
International Society for Genetic Eye Diseases and Retinoblastoma / Lausanne, Switzerland / Est. 1975
Latin American Association of Environmental Mutagens, Carcinogens and Teratogens / Montevideo, Uruguay / Est. 1980
European Federation of Associations of Patients with Haemochromatosis / Croissy-sur-Seine, France / Est. 2005
Asia Pacific Society of Human Genetics / Kowloon, Hong Kong / Est. 2006
International Structural Genomics Organization / Est. 2001
International Genetic Epidemiology Society / Rochester MN, USA
European Society of Gene and Cell Therapy / Eynsham, UK / Est. 1992
Asia Oceania Human Proteome Organization / Taipa, Macau
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis International Society / Northbrook IL, USA / Est. 2002
European Federation of Hereditary Ataxias / London, UK / Est. 1989
Sociedad Latinoamericana de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo y Pesquisa Neonatal / Est. 1996
International Chromosome and Genome Society / Canterbury, UK / Est. 2002
European Cereals Genetics Co-operative / Prague, Czechia
South East European Development Network on Plant Genetic Resources / Est. 2004
International Association of Medical Genetics / Rovereto, Italy / Est. 2006
European Federation of National HSP Associations / Paris, France / Est. 2010
Sports Union for athletes with Down Syndrome
European Congenital Heart Surgeons Association / Est. 1992
International Arabidopsis Informatics Consortium
Latin American Society for Maternal Fetal Interaction and Placenta / Buenos Aires, Argentina / Est. 2000
European VHL (von Hippel-Lindau) Federation / Est. 2014
22q11 Europe / Stourbridge, UK / Est. 2016
European Regional Focal Point for Animal Genetic Resources / Paris, France / Est. 2001
European DNA Profiling Group / Copenhagen, Denmark / Est. 1988
International Pompe Association / Baarn, Netherlands / Est. 1999
Central and Eastern European Genetic Network / Gdansk, Poland / Est. 2003
European Forest Genetic Resources Programme / Barcelona, Spain / Est. 1994
European Nutrigenomics Organisation / Wageningen, Netherlands / Est. 2004
Estudio Colaborativo Latino Americano de Malformaciones Congénitas / Buenos Aires, Argentina / Est. 1967
European Chromosome 11 Network / Bockenem, Germany / Est. 1997
Functional Metagenomics International / Waterloo ON, Canada / Est. 2011
International Triticeae Mapping Initiative / Est. 1989
Red por una América Latina Libre de Transgénicos / Quito, Ecuador / Est. 1999
European Research Network for Evaluation and Improvement of Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment of Inherited Disorders of Metabolism / Manchester, UK / Est. 1994
Inter-Islamic Network on Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology / Cairo, Egypt / Est. 1987
International Oleander Society / Galveston TX, USA / Est. 1967
Ban Terminator Campaign / Ottawa ON, Canada
ProMusa / Est. 1994
Coconut Genetic Resources Network / Bogor, Indonesia / Est. 1992
Melanoma Genetics Consortium / Leeds, UK / Est. 1997
European Rare Chromosomes Network on the Internet / Est. 2004
International Cotton Genome Initiative / College Station TX, USA
Global Genome Biodiversity Network / Washington DC, USA
MusaNet / Montpellier, France
European Immunogenicity Platform
Ring14 International / Reggio Emilia, Italy / Est. 2002
Australasian Society of Genetic Counsellors / Alexandria NSW, Australia / Est. 1993

View all profiles (394 total) in the Yearbook of International Organizations

World Problems relating to Genetics

From the Encyclopedia of World Problems and Human Potential

Oedema
Congenital anomalies of chromosomes
Decline in human genetic endowment
Monopolization of agricultural genetic resources
Unsafe genetically modified food
Genetic discrimination
Declining breeds of cultivated plants
Genetic weapons
Foetal alcohol syndrome
Corporate control of genetic material
Loss of agricultural biodiversity
Human eugenics
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Myotonia congenita
Hereditary neuromuscular disease
Simple goitre
Down's syndrome
Mutagenic chemicals
Abdominal wall defects of the newborn
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Underutilized animal genetic resources
Irresponsible release of genetically engineered micro-organisms
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Hybridization of wild animal species
Genetic sexual attraction

Action Strategies relating to Genetics

From the Encyclopedia of World Problems and Human Potential

Compiling data base of wild animal genetic resources
Conserving plant genetic resources
Protecting the human genome
Patenting of genetic material
Enriching cultivated plant's genetic diversity with wild relatives
Improving institutions for conservation of plant genetic resources
Strengthening legal status of plant genetic resources for agriculture
Preparing periodic status reports on plant genetic resources
Developing international networks for plant genetic resources
Conserving forest genetic resources
Supporting university training for running plant genetic resource facilities
Strengthening farmer rights
Storing genes of threatened peoples
Expanding research on plant genetic resources
Providing genetic counselling
Providing training on collection of animal genetic material
Expanding ex-situ conservation methods for genetic resources
Giving priority to cryogenic storage
Documenting plant gene resources
Preparing action plans for the conservation of plant genetic resources
Formulating standards for animal genetic resources
Propagating plant genetic resources
Advancing medical genetics
Using mutation breeding to improve plant genetic characteristics
Mapping genes

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